Functional requirements of Clinic Management System with non-functional

Functional Requirements

1. User Management:
   • Admin Module:
     • Manage user roles and permissions (e.g., doctors, nurses, receptionists, lab technicians).
     • Oversee clinic-wide settings and configurations.
     • Generate reports and analytics.
   • Doctor Module:
     • Manage doctor profiles, including specializations and availability.
     • Access patient records, schedule appointments, and manage treatment plans.
     • Prescribe medications and order lab tests.
   • Patient Module:
     • Allow patients to register and manage their profiles.
     • View medical history, treatment plans, and lab results.
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     • Book, reschedule, or cancel appointments online.
   • Staff Module:
     • Manage schedules for nurses, lab technicians, and other clinic staff.
     • Track tasks, patient care plans, and resource allocation.
2. Appointment Management:
   • Online Booking:
     • Allow patients to book appointments online based on doctor availability.
     • Send automated reminders to patients for upcoming appointments.
   • Appointment Calendar:
     • Maintain a calendar view for doctors and staff to manage appointments.
     • Allow rescheduling or cancellation of appointments.
   • Queue Management:
     • Manage patient queues in real-time, both for walk-ins and scheduled appointments.
     • Notify patients of estimated wait times.
3. Patient Management:
   • Electronic Medical Records (EMR):
     • Maintain comprehensive patient records, including personal details, medical history, allergies, and ongoing treatments.
   • Treatment Plans:
     • Create and manage treatment plans for individual patients.
     • Track progress and update plans as needed.
   • Medication Management:
     • Prescribe medications electronically and send prescriptions to pharmacies.
     • Track medication adherence and side effects.
4. Billing and Invoicing:
   • Billing System:
     • Generate bills for consultations, treatments, and lab tests.
     • Manage insurance claims and co-payments.
     • Process payments through integrated payment gateways.
   • Invoice Management:
     • Issue invoices for patient payments.
     • Handle refunds, discounts, and financial adjustments.
5. Laboratory Management:
   • Test Orders:
     • Allow doctors to order lab tests electronically.
     • Track test samples, from collection to analysis.
   • Lab Results:
     • Store and manage lab test results.
     • Automatically update patient records with test outcomes.
   • Inventory Management:
     • Track lab supplies and manage reordering to avoid shortages.
6. Pharmacy Management:
   • Prescription Management:
     • Integrate with the clinic’s pharmacy to manage medication prescriptions and dispensation.
   • Inventory Management:
     • Track medication inventory, manage stock levels, and handle reordering.
   • Sales and Billing:
     • Process sales of medications to patients, including billing and invoicing.
7. Reporting and Analytics:
   • Clinical Reports:
     • Generate reports on patient demographics, treatment outcomes, and doctor performance.
   • Financial Reports:
     • Track clinic revenue, expenses, and profitability.
   • Operational Analytics:
     • Analyze clinic operations, including appointment schedules, patient flow, and resource utilization.
8. Communication and Notifications:
   • Patient Notifications:
     • Send reminders for appointments, follow-up visits, and medication refills.
   • Internal Messaging:
     • Provide a messaging system for communication between doctors, nurses, and other staff.
   • Announcements:
     • Post announcements for clinic-wide events, policy changes, or important notices.
9. Inventory Management:
   • Medical Supplies Tracking:
     • Track inventory of medical supplies, including expiration dates and usage rates.
   • Reordering System:
     • Automate reordering of supplies when inventory levels fall below a certain threshold.
   • Asset Management:
     • Manage clinic assets such as medical equipment, ensuring they are maintained and serviced regularly.
10. Patient Portal:
    • Online Access:
      • Provide patients with access to their medical records, lab results, and treatment plans online.
    • Appointment Booking:
      • Allow patients to book and manage appointments through the portal.
    • Billing Information:
      • Provide access to billing history, invoices, and payment options.
11. Security and Compliance:
    • Data Protection:
      • Implement encryption for sensitive patient data.
    • Access Control:
      • Ensure role-based access to protect patient confidentiality.
    • Compliance:
      • Ensure the system complies with relevant healthcare regulations (e.g., HIPAA).

Non-Functional Requirements

1. Performance:
   • The system should handle multiple concurrent users, such as during peak hours, without slowdowns.
   • Response times for critical functions (e.g., booking appointments, accessing records) should be within 2-3 seconds.
2. Scalability:
   • The system should scale to accommodate more patients, doctors, and clinics as the network grows.
   • Support cloud-based infrastructure to facilitate geographic expansion and remote access.
3. Security:
   • Protect patient data with encryption both in transit and at rest.
   • Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for accessing sensitive modules.
   • Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments.
4. Reliability:
   • Ensure the system has an uptime of at least 99.9% to support 24/7 clinic operations.
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   • Implement failover systems and regular backups to prevent data loss in case of failure.
5. Usability:
   • Provide an intuitive and user-friendly interface for all user types (doctors, patients, staff).
   • Ensure consistent user experience across devices (desktop, tablet, mobile).
   • Include help documentation, tooltips, and user training materials.
6. Maintainability:
   • The system should be modular, allowing for easy updates and maintenance.
   • Ensure the codebase is well-documented for future development and troubleshooting.
7. Compliance:
   • Ensure compliance with healthcare regulations such as HIPAA for the protection of patient data.
   • Maintain audit trails for all actions involving patient records and sensitive operations.
8. Availability:
   • The system should be available 24/7, with minimal downtime for maintenance.
   • Communicate planned maintenance in advance to minimize disruption to clinic operations.
9. Interoperability:
   • The system should integrate seamlessly with other healthcare systems (e.g., EHR, insurance systems).
   • Support standard data formats (e.g., HL7, FHIR) for data exchange.
10. Data Integrity:
    • Ensure the accuracy and consistency of data across the system, especially for medical records and billing.
    • Implement transaction management to maintain data integrity during concurrent operations.
11. Response Time:
    • The system should respond to critical operations like patient record retrieval, appointment booking, and billing processing within 2-3 seconds.
    • Complex tasks like report generation should complete within 5-10 seconds.
12. Auditability:
    • Maintain logs of all critical actions (e.g., patient record changes, billing transactions) for audit purposes.
    • Provide audit trails for tracking changes in medical records and sensitive data.