Stack Implementation Gaming Project in C++

#include <iostream>

template<typename T>
class Stack {
public:
    Stack() : top(nullptr) {}

    ~Stack() {
        while (!isEmpty()) {
            pop();
        }
    }

    void push(const T& value) {
        Node* newNode = new Node(value);
        newNode->next = top;
        top = newNode;
        std::cout << value << " pushed to stack" << std::endl;
    }

    void pop() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            std::cout << "Stack is empty. Nothing to pop." << std::endl;
            return;
        }
        Node* temp = top;
        top = top->next;
        std::cout << temp->data << " popped from stack" << std::endl;
        delete temp;
    }

    T peek() const {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            throw std::runtime_error("Stack is empty.");
        }
        return top->data;
    }

    bool isEmpty() const {
        return top == nullptr;
    }

    void display() const {
        Node* current = top;
        if (isEmpty()) {
            std::cout << "Stack is empty." << std::endl;
            return;
        }
        std::cout << "Stack elements:" << std::endl;
        while (current != nullptr) {
            std::cout << current->data << std::endl;
            current = current->next;
        }
    }

private:
    struct Node {
        T data;
        Node* next;
        Node(const T& value) : data(value), next(nullptr) {}
    };

    Node* top;
};

int main() {
    Stack<int> stack;

    stack.push(10);
    stack.push(20);
    stack.push(30);

    std::cout << "Top element is: " << stack.peek() << std::endl;

    stack.display();

    stack.pop();
    stack.pop();

    std::cout << "Top element is: " << stack.peek() << std::endl;

    stack.display();

    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>

template<typename T>

class Stack {

public:

Stack() : top(nullptr) {}

~Stack() {

while (!isEmpty()) {

pop();

}

void push(const T& value) {

Node* newNode = new Node(value);

newNode->next = top;

top = newNode;

std::cout << value << " pushed to stack" << std::endl;

}

void pop() {

if (isEmpty()) {

std::cout << "Stack is empty. Nothing to pop." << std::endl;

return;

}

Node* temp = top;

top = top->next;

std::cout << temp->data << " popped from stack" << std::endl;

delete temp;

}

T peek() const {

if (isEmpty()) {

throw std::runtime_error("Stack is empty.");

}

return top->data;

}

bool isEmpty() const {

return top == nullptr;

}

void display() const {

Node* current = top;

if (isEmpty()) {

std::cout << "Stack is empty." << std::endl;

return;

}

std::cout << "Stack elements:" << std::endl;

while (current != nullptr) {

std::cout << current->data << std::endl;

current = current->next;

}

private:

struct Node {

T data;

Node* next;

Node(const T& value) : data(value), next(nullptr) {}

};

Node* top;

};

int main() {

Stack<int> stack;

stack.push(10);

stack.push(20);

stack.push(30);

std::cout << "Top element is: " << stack.peek() << std::endl;

stack.display();

stack.pop();

std::cout << "Top element is: " << stack.peek() << std::endl;

stack.display();

return 0;

}

Explanation:

Stack Class:
- Attributes:
  - top: Pointer to the top node in the stack.
- Nested Node Structure:
  - data: Stores the value of the node.
  - next: Pointer to the next node in the stack.
- Methods:
  - Stack(): Constructor initializes an empty stack.
  - ~Stack(): Destructor deletes all nodes to free memory.
  - push(const T& value): Adds a new element to the top of the stack.
  - pop(): Removes the top element of the stack. If the stack is empty, it prints a message.
  - peek() const: Returns the top element of the stack without removing it. Throws an exception if the stack is empty.
  - isEmpty() const: Checks if the stack is empty.
  - display() const: Displays all elements in the stack from top to bottom.
main Function:
- Demonstrates the usage of the Stack class.
- Performs operations such as pushing elements, displaying the stack, popping elements, and checking the top element.
  
  Compilation:
  
  To compile the program, use:
  
  C++
  
  g++ stack.cpp -o stack
  
  1
  
  g++ stack.cpp -o stack
  
  Run the program with:
  
  C++
  
  ./stack
  
  1
  
  ./stack

Stack Implementation Gaming Project in C++

Explanation:

Compilation:

Related Posts:

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply